install
—
install binaries
install |
[-bcprsU ] [-a
command] [-B
suffix] [-D
destdir] [-f
flags] [-g
group] [-h
hash] [-l
linkflags] [-M
metalog] [-m
mode] [-N
dbdir] [-o
owner] [-S
stripflag] [-T
tags] file1 file2 |
install |
[-bcprsU ] [-a
command] [-B
suffix] [-D
destdir] [-f
flags] [-g
group] [-h
hash] [-l
linkflags] [-M
metalog] [-m
mode] [-N
dbdir] [-o
owner] [-S
stripflag] [-T
tags] file1 ...
fileN directory |
install |
-d [-pU ]
[-a command]
[-D destdir]
[-g group]
[-M metalog]
[-m mode]
[-N dbdir]
[-o owner]
[-T tags]
directory ... |
The file(s) are copied (or linked if the -l
option is
specified) to the target file or directory. If the destination is a directory,
then the file is copied into
directory with its original filename. If the target file
already exists, it is either renamed to file.old if the
-b
option is given or overwritten if permissions
allow; an alternate backup suffix may be specified via the
-B
option's argument.
-a
command
- Run command on the target after installation and
stripping (
-s
), but before ownership, permissions
or timestamps are set and before renaming (-r
)
occurs. command is invoked via the
sh(1) shell, allowing a single
-a
argument be to specified to
install
which the shell can then tokenize.
-B
suffix
- Use suffix as the backup suffix if
-b
is given. If suffix
contains a '%' sign, a numbered backup will be performed, and the
%-pattern will be expanded using
sprintf(3), given an
integer counter as the backup number. The counter used starts from 0, and
the first available name resulting from the expansion is used.
-b
- Backup any existing files before overwriting them by renaming them to
file.old. See
-B
for specifying a different backup suffix.
-c
- Copy the file. This is the default behavior; the flag is maintained for
backwards compatibility only.
-D
destdir
- Specify the
DESTDIR
(top of the file hierarchy)
that the items are installed in to. If -M
metalog is in use, a leading string of
“destdir” will be removed from the
file names logged to the metalog. This option does
not affect where the actual files are installed.
-d
- Create directories. Missing parent directories are created as
required.
-f
flags
- Specify the target's file flags. (See
chflags(1) for a list of
possible flags and their meanings.)
-g
group
- Specify a group.
-h
hash
- When copying, calculate the digest of the files with
hash to store in the
-M
metalog. Supported digests:
- none
- No hash. This is the default.
- md5
- The MD5 cryptographic message digest.
- rmd160
- The RMD-160 cryptographic message digest.
- sha1
- The SHA-1 cryptographic message digest.
- sha256
- The 256-bits SHA-2 cryptographic message digest of the file.
- sha384
- The 384-bits SHA-2 cryptographic message digest of the file.
- sha512
- The 512-bits SHA-2 cryptographic message digest of the file.
-l
linkflags
- Instead of copying the file make a link to the source. The type of the
link is determined by the linkflags argument. Valid
linkflags are: a (absolute),
r (relative), h (hard),
s (symbolic), m (mixed).
Absolute and relative have effect only for symbolic links. Mixed links are
hard links for files on the same filesystem, symbolic otherwise.
-M
metalog
- Write the metadata associated with each item installed to
metalog in an
mtree(8) “full
path” specification line. The metadata includes: the file name and
file type, and depending upon other options, the owner, group, file flags,
modification time, and tags.
-m
mode
- Specify an alternative mode. The default mode is set to rwxr-xr-x (0755).
The specified mode may be either an octal or symbolic value; see
chmod(1) for a description of
possible mode values.
-N
dbdir
- Use the user database text file master.passwd and
group database text file group from
dbdir, rather than using the results from the
system's getpwnam(3) and
getgrnam(3) (and related)
library calls.
-o
owner
- Specify an owner.
-p
- Preserve the source files access and modification times.
-r
- Install to a temporary file and then rename the file to its final
destination name. This can be used for precious files, to avoid truncation
of the original when error conditions (filesystem full etc.) occur.
-S
stripflags
install
passes stripflags as
option arguments to strip(1).
When -S
is used,
strip(1) is invoked via the
sh(1) shell, allowing a single
-S
argument be to specified to
install
which the shell can then tokenize.
Normally, install
invokes
strip(1) directly. This flag
implies -s
.
-s
install
exec's the command
strip(1) to strip binaries so
that install can be portable over a large number of systems and binary
types. If the environment variable STRIP
is set,
it is used as the strip(1)
program.
-T
tags
- Specify the mtree(8) tags to
write out for the file when using
-M
metalog.
-U
- Indicate that install is running unprivileged, and that it should not try
to change the owner, the group, or the file flags of the destination. The
information that would have been updated can be stored in a log file with
-M
metalog.
By default, install
preserves all file
flags, with the exception of the ``nodump'' flag.
The install
utility attempts to prevent
copying a file onto itself.
Installing /dev/null creates an empty
file.
STRIP
- The program used to strip installed binaries when the
-s
option is used. If unspecified,
/usr/bin/strip is used.
The install
utility exits 0 on success,
and >0 if an error occurs.
The install
utility appeared in
4.2BSD.